2 Samuel 15:4

Authorized King James Version

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Absalom said moreover, Oh that I were made judge in the land, that every man which hath any suit or cause might come unto me, and I would do him justice!

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ said H559
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם Absalom H53
אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם Absalom
Strong's: H53
Word #: 2 of 16
abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite
מִי H4310
מִי
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 3 of 16
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
יְשִׂמֵ֥נִי moreover Oh that I were made H7760
יְשִׂמֵ֥נִי moreover Oh that I were made
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 4 of 16
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
שֹׁפֵ֖ט judge H8199
שֹׁפֵ֖ט judge
Strong's: H8199
Word #: 5 of 16
to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal
בָּאָ֑רֶץ in the land H776
בָּאָ֑רֶץ in the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 6 of 16
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
וְעָלַ֗י H5921
וְעָלַ֗י
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 7 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יָב֥וֹא might come H935
יָב֥וֹא might come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 8 of 16
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 9 of 16
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אִ֛ישׁ that every man H376
אִ֛ישׁ that every man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 10 of 16
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֲשֶֽׁר H834
אֲשֶֽׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 11 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יִֽהְיֶה H1961
יִֽהְיֶה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 12 of 16
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לּוֹ H0
לּוֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 13 of 16
רִ֥יב which hath any suit H7379
רִ֥יב which hath any suit
Strong's: H7379
Word #: 14 of 16
a contest (personal or legal)
וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט or cause H4941
וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט or cause
Strong's: H4941
Word #: 15 of 16
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
וְהִצְדַּקְתִּֽיו׃ unto me and I would do him justice H6663
וְהִצְדַּקְתִּֽיו׃ unto me and I would do him justice
Strong's: H6663
Word #: 16 of 16
to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral or forensic sense)

Analysis & Commentary

Absalom said moreover, Oh that I were made judge in the land, that every man which hath any suit or cause might come unto me, and I would do him justice!

This verse contributes to the narrative of Absalom's Rebellion, emphasizing betrayal, trusting God in exile. Absalom's conspiracy demonstrates calculating betrayal and political manipulation. David's flight from Jerusalem parallels later exile experiences, developing themes of trusting God during devastating reversals. The Hebrew emphasizes Absalom's patient, methodical undermining of David's authority. Cross-references to Psalms written during this period (Psalms 3, 63) reveal David's spiritual responses to political catastrophe.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 15 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding betrayal, trusting God in exile provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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